ফিলিস্তিন সমস্যার প্রেক্ষাপট
ভূমধ্যসাগরের পূর্বে ১০,৪২৯ বর্গমাইলব্যাপী ফিলিস্তিন দেশটি ছিল উসমানীয় খেলাফতের অধীন, প্রথম বিশ্বযুদ্ধে যারা ছিল ব্রিটেন-বিরোধী জোটে। তখন যুদ্ধ জয়ে ফিলিস্তিনদের সহযোগিতা পাওয়ার আশায় ১৯১৭ সালে ব্রিটিশ পররাষ্ট্রমন্ত্রী লর্ড বেলফোর যুদ্ধে জয়ী হলে এই ভূমিতে একটি স্বাধীন রাষ্ট্র হবে বলে আশ্বাস দেন। যা ইতিহাসে "বেলফোর ঘোষণা" হিসেবে পরিচিত। যেহেতু ফিলিস্তিন অঞ্চলে আরবীয়রা ছিল ইহুদিদের তুলনায় কয়েকগুণ বেশি, সেহেতু ঘোষণাটি তাদের অনুকূল বলেই ধরে নেয় স্থানীয় আরবীয়রা।
প্রথম বিশ্বযুদ্ধের সময় ব্রিটেনের প্রয়োজনে দূর্লভ বোমা তৈরির উপকরণ কৃত্রিম ফসফরাস তৈরি করতে সক্ষম হন ইহুদি বিজ্ঞানী ড. ওয়াইজম্যান। ফলে আনন্দিত ব্রিটিশ প্রধানমন্ত্রী জানতে চাইলেন কী ধরনের পুরস্কার তিনি চান? উত্তর ছিল- "অর্থ নয়, আমার স্বজাতির জন্য এক টুকরো ভূমি আর তা হবে ফিলিস্তিন ফলে ফিলিস্তিন ভূখণ্ডটি ইহুদিদের হাতে তুলে দেয়ার জন্য মানসিকভাবে প্রস্তুতি নেয় ব্রিটেন। প্রথম বিশ্বযুদ্ধ জয়ের পর ব্রিটেন স্বাধীনতা দেয়ার অঙ্গীকারে ১৯১৮ সাল থেকে ৩০ বছর দেশটিকে নিজেদের অধীন রাখে। মূলত এই সময়টিই ফিলিস্তিনকে আরব-শূন্য (বিশেষত মুসলিম-শূন্য) করার জন্য কাজে লাগায় ইঙ্গ-মার্কিন শক্তি ।
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আমাদের অল-ইন-ওয়ান মোবাইল অ্যাপের মাধ্যমে সীমাহীন শেখার সুযোগ উপভোগ করুন।
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